Medical Writing
Observational Studies
Odd cases and risky cohorts: Measures of risk and association in observational studies
Volume 26, Issue 3 - Observational Studies
Odd cases and risky cohorts: Measures of risk and association in observational studies
Author: Tom Lang
Abstract
Hundreds of statistical tests, procedures, and descriptive measures are used in clinical research. Risks, odds, and hazards are among the most common but not always the most understood. They are often used in all three types of observational studies in medicine and epidemiology – case-control, crosssectional, and cohort studies – so a good
understanding of what they are and are not is helpful in understanding these studies. Here, I briefly describe these measures, how they are used in observational studies, and how to interpret them.
understanding of what they are and are not is helpful in understanding these studies. Here, I briefly describe these measures, how they are used in observational studies, and how to interpret them.
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References
- Lang TA, Sacci M. How to report statistics in medicine: Annotated guidelines for authors, editors, and reviewers. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians, second edition, 2006. Available from: http://
- Alexander LK, Lopes B, Ricchetti-Masterson K, Yeasts KB. Cross-sectional studies. In: Epidemiologic Research and Information Center (ERIC) notebook second edition, #8. University of North Carolina Chappel Hill Department of Epidemiology. Available from: Available from: https://sph.unc.edu/files/2015/07/nciph_ERIC8.pdf
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RCTs: Can the treatment work? Patient registries: Does the treatment work?
Odd cases and risky cohorts: Measures of risk and association in observational studies
Guidance for the design and analysis of observational studies: The STRengthening Analytical Thinking for Observational Studies (STRATOS) initiative
Guidelines for disclosing the results from observational trials
Registration and ethics committee approval for observational studies: Current status and way forward
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